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  In simple terms : An illustration of how larger quantum systems can be partitioned according to the amount of entanglement (lines) between the spins (circles). The spins and entanglements can then be simulated in parallel with the interactions between them represented in a far simpler way, as on the right-hand diagram. (Courtesy: Andrew G Green) Quantum computers can now simulate much larger quantum systems than was previously thought possible thanks to algorithms developed by researchers in the UK and Germany. The new algorithms divide up quantum computational resources according to which parts of the simulation require them most, making it possible to extract information about a large quantum system from many smaller, more manageable calculations – in effect, running the simulation in parallel. The result should boost the capabilities of the current generation of so-called noisy intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) computers, which lack the computational resources required to perform

While President Biden was visiting Europe, he should have stopped taking a close look at what the European Union and European countries and labs are doing to protect against future quantum computer attack. A threat this column has highlighted over the past two years. While the U.S. is betting all its quantum security chips on post-quantum cryptography, i.e. mathematically-based algorithms scientists and cryptographers hope will resist a future quantum computer assault—scientists, companies, and officials in Europe are investing in a technology that uses quantum science itself to secure data and networks, now and for decades into the future. In October 2018, the European Commission launched the first phase of the Quantum Technologies Flagship, 1 billion EURO, ten-year initiative, that pools resources for advancing quantum technology on a broad front. That includes building a future communication network based on Quantum Key Distribution (QKD), a technology that u