What Is Quantum Entanglement

-
Consider tossing a coin into the air. Can you predict the face of the coin after it falls on your hand? Sure, that's easy. The coin will get the face of heads or tails, which is a 50 percent possibility for both of course. That's what happens and you know this because you have witnessed events like this countless times. You have been observing the physics of everyday phenomena your entire life. But suppose we explore a question about the physics of atoms, like what does the motion of an electron around the nucleus of a hydrogen atom look like? Could we answer that question based on our experience with everyday physics? Definitely not, why? Because the physics that governs the behavior of a system at such a small scale is much different than the physics of macroscopic objects. You see you all the time. The everyday world you know and love behaves according to the laws of classical mechanics.

But systems on the scale of atoms behave according to the laws of quantum mechanics. This quantum world turns out to be a strange place. An illustration of quantum strangeness is given by a famous thought experiment, Schrodinger's cat. A physicist who hates cats, put a cat in a box along with a bomb that has a 50 percent chance of blowing up after the lid is closed. Until we reopen the lid there is no way of knowing if the cat is alive or dead. 
In quantum physics,we could say that before our observation the cat was in a superposition state. It was neither alive nor dead but rather in a mixture of both possibilities with a 50 percent chance for each. The same sort of thing happens to physical systems at quantum scales, like an electron orbiting in a hydrogen atom. The electron isn't really orbiting at all.Its sort of everywhere in space all at once, with more of a probability of being at some place than others and it's only after we measure it's position that we can pinpoint where it is at that moment.


A lot like how we didn't know whether the cat was alive or dead until we opened the box. This brings us to the strange and beautiful phenomenon of quantum entanglement. Suppose that instead of one cat in a box, we have two cats,the outcomes of the experiment can be one of four possibilities.Either both cats will be alive or both will be dead cats or vice versa. The system of both cats is again in a superposition state with each outcome having a 25 percent chance rather than 50 percent.
But here's the cool thing: quantum mechanics tells us it's possible to erase both cats live and both cats' dead outcomes from the superposition state. In other words there can be a two cat system such that the outcome will always be one cat alive and the other cat dead.
      The technical term for this is that the states of the cats are entangled.But there's something truly mind blowing about quantum entanglement. If you prepare the system of two cats in boxes to opposite ends of the universe the outcome of the experiment will still always be the same. One cat will always come out alive and the other cat will always end up dead. Even though which particular cat lives or dies is completely undetermined before we measure the outcome, how is this possible? How is it that the states of cats on opposite sides of the universe can be entangled in this way? 
They're too far away to communicate with each other in time, so how do the two bombs always conspire such that one blows up and the other doesn't? 
   You might be thinking, this is just some theoretical mumbo-jumbo. This sort of thing can't happen in the real world.But it turns out that quantum entanglement has been confirmed in a real world lab experiment. Two subatomic particles entangled in a superposition state,where if one spin one way then the other must spin the other way will do just that even when there's no way for information to pass from one particle to the other indicating which way to spin to obey the rules of entanglement is at the core of quantum information science.
A growing field is studying how to use the laws of the strange quantum world in our macroscopic world like in quantum cryptography,so spies can send secure messages to each other or quantum computing for cracking secret codes.  may start to look a bit more like the strange quantum world. Quantum teleportation may even progress so far that one day your cat will escape to a safer multiverse, where there are no physicists and no quantum entanglement.


Also read 👇 👇 
Referenced websites 👇 👇 

Please share with your friends and family 👇 👇 

Comments

  1. Peter5 June 2021 at 05:16

    Could it be the invisible Life in all living things, knows the pattern that connects them in the same way this truthful and accurate information serves us all.

    ReplyDelete

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

The Quantum Internet Will Blow Your Mind. Here’s What It Will Look Like

-
Image
The Quantum Internet Will Blow Your Mind. Here’s What It Will Look Like The next generation of the Internet will rely on revolutionary new tech — allowing for unhackable networks and information that travels faster than the speed of light. By  Dan Hurley Oct 4, 2020 4:30 AM (Credit: Jurik Peter/Shutterstock) Newsletter Sign up for our email newsletter for the latest science news SIGN UP   This article appeared in the November 2020 issue of  Discover  magazine as "The Quest for a Quantum Internet."  Subscribe  for more stories like these. Call it the quantum Garden of Eden. Fifty or so miles east of New York City, on the campus of Brookhaven National Laboratory, Eden Figueroa is one of the world’s pioneering gardeners planting the seeds of a quantum internet. Capable of sending enormous amounts of data over vast distances, it would work not just faster than the current internet but faster than the speed of light — instantaneously, in fact, like the teleportation of Mr. Spock a
Read more

Libet Experiment,Quantum Mechanics, Determism And Free Will.

-
Image
You went to vote and thought about whether it is better to vote for Trump or Biden. Later that then caused Biden to win. That's how it seems, but Benjamin Libette's experiment in the 1980's cast some doubts on that in his Neuroscience lab he wired up the subject to an EEG machine measuring brain activity via electrode on their scalps and then asked them to choose to perform a simple hand movement like you were supposed to choose trump or Biden.  When they felt like it, he also got them to record the time at which they made a conscious decision to move their hands disconcertingly. He found evidence of brain activity initiating the movement hundreds of milliseconds before the individual willed anything to happen. Some people think this is proof that free will is an illusion that our conscious decisions are more like reports on what is already happening than the cause of our action. Libbette didn't go that far. He thought that we mig
Read more

Does a chair exist if nobody sees it? Relational quantum mechanics says ‘NO! ’

-
Image
Imagine you sit down and pick up your favorite book. You look at the image on the front cover, run your fingers across the smooth book sleeve, and smell that familiar book smell as you flick through the pages. To you, the book is made up of a range of sensory appearances. But you also expect the book has its own independent existence behind those appearances. So when you put the book down on the coffee table and walk into the kitchen, or leave your house to go to work, you expect the book still looks, feels, and smells just as it did when you were holding it. Expecting objects to have their own independent existence – independent of us, and any other objects – is actually a deep-seated assumption we make about the world. This assumption has its origin in the scientific revolution of the 17th century and is part of what we call the  mechanistic worldview . According to this view, the world is like a giant clockwork machine whose parts are governed by set laws of motion. This
Read more